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    Sri Lanka

    Sri Lanka (up to 1972 - Ceylon) - an island nation in South Asia, 800 miles north of the equator. Official capital - Sri Dzhayavardenepura-Kotte, here is the parliament and supreme court. However, actual capital is Colombo, where the government and the presidential residence.

    This country with a millennial history has preserved many cultural monuments, architecture and religion. In addition, here - unlimited opportunities for active, environmental, medical and other types of recreation, though at affordable prices. Tourism occupies 9% of GDP.
    Climate
    The climate of Sri Lanka - equatorial, warm and humid. Island-wide flat annual temperature. In the plains in April, daytime temperatures reach 34 degrees - this is the hottest time, and the coldest in December - 30 degrees. But in the mountains colder than the daytime temperature reaches 21 degrees and 11 degrees at night.


    The highest rainfall recorded at the western coast of the island, where the annual rainfall is 5000 mm. The main rains are from May to October. In the north and east of the country the rainy season falls between November and January. The relative humidity is high on the island at any time of year.
    The water temperature during the year - +26- +28 degrees.
    Things to Do
    Sri Lanka is rich in cultural achievements, which were created by ancient civilizations of the island. It's a lot of monuments of painting, sculpture and architecture, monasteries, palaces and gardens.

    In 1978, the Sri Lankan government appealed to UNESCO to include the country in the world program of assistance for the restoration and preservation of ancient monuments. In the same year the project was approved, and the monuments of Sri Lanka declared world cultural heritage.

    Foundation of the Cultural Triangle
    Cultural triangle formed by three main points - the ancient cities of Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa and Kandy fortress. One of the objectives of the foundation of the Cultural Triangle - a detailed study of the history of Sri Lanka.

    Anuradhapura is situated at 208 km north of Colombo. The first human settlements in the area of ​​Anuradhapura emerged at about the fifth century BC. The town was named in honor of the star Anuradha constellation Scorpius, the Indo-Aryan astrological tradition. King of Anuradhapura Pandukabhaya approved capital of the first Sinhalese state in 380 BC.


    Anuradhapura remained the capital for 1,400 years and was replaced by 113 kings. The city's population amounted to several tens of thousands of people and an area of ​​greater than 52 square kilometers. In the first century AD, appeared in the city water supply, as well as palaces, monasteries, hospitals, churches, cemeteries, roads and bridges. In the 993 because of the constant intervention of the South India Anuradhapura was burned and destroyed. The ruins of the city were found in 1820, and in 1912 there began excavations.

    The city is considered holy, every year it is visited by thousands of pilgrims. The ancient Jetavana monastery complexes and Abhayagiriya included in the plan of restoration fund of the Cultural Triangle. The monastery was built Abhayagiriya for a group of monks, who created a new trend of Mahayana Buddhism.

    Polonnaruwa is situated in 214 km northeast of Colombo. From 1070 to 1293 the city was the capital of Sri Lanka, and before that was the summer residence of the rulers of Anuradhapura and a refuge in times of foreign intervention. Archaeologists believe that in the second century BC in Polonnaruwa people lived. When the city was born, its inhabitants have cleared the jungle, built a dam to collect water and are equipped to grow rice fields. Stone Temple Gal Vihara, considered the main attraction of the city and most famous in Sri Lanka temple. In the granite rock in the twelfth century carved four realistic statues of the Buddha of colossal dimensions, where the sage is depicted in various poses.


    The city of Kandy lies at an altitude of 488 m above sea level, 115 km northeast of Colombo. "Candy" is translated as "mountain", but the locals call the city of Maha Nuwara, which, in turn, translates as "great city". Now on the economic situation of Kandy is the second largest in Sri Lanka.